WHO update on costeffectiveness of cessation 2021.
Costs, effectiveness, and cost effectiveness ratios (95% confidence intervals) of interventions to reduce use of tobacco for three WHO subregions (DALY=disability-adjusted life year). Source: Shibuya et al.: WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: development of an evidence based global public health treaty. BMJ 2003;327:154-157 doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7407.154
| Total cost ($m/year)* | Total effect (million DALYs/year) | Average cost effectiveness ratio ($/DALY) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Region of Americas B† | European region A ‡ | South East Asia region D§ | Region of Americas B† | European region A‡ | South East Asia region D § | Region of Americas B | European region A ‡ | South East Asia region D§ | |
| G1: Global average tax rate (44%) | 32 (27 to 42) | 88 (74 to 110) | 132 (121 to 156) | 0.8 (0.6 to 0.9) | 2.0 (1.8 to 2.3) | 3.2 (2.7 to 3.7) | 42 (33 to 57) | 44 (35 to 57) | 41 (35 to 53) | |
| G2: Highest regional tax rate (75%) | 32 (27 to 42) | 88 (74 to 111) | 132 (121 to 156) | 1.7 (1.4 to 2.0) | 4.8 (4.2 to 5.4) | 7.3 (6.1 to 8.5) | 19 (15 to 25) | 18 (15 to 24) | 18 (15 to 23) | |
| G3: Doubling the highest tax | 32 (27 to 42) | 88 (74 to 110) | 132 (121 to 156) | 2.3 (2.0 to 2.7) | 6.9 (6.0 to 7.7) | 9.3 (7.8 to 10.8) | 14 (11 to 19) | 13 (10 to 17) | 14 (12 to 18) | |
| G4: Clean indoor air law enforcement | 120 (100 to 165) | 275 (209 to 368) | 395 (295 to 522) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.8 (0.6 to 0.9) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.7) | 972 (761 to 1425) | 358 (263 to 503) | 727 (508 to 1099) | |
| G5: Comprehensive advertisement ban | 48 (40 to 65) | 110 (83 to 146) | 151 (124 to 178) | 0.2 (0.2 to 0.02) | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.7) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.7) | 248 (194 to 361) | 189 (140 to 266) | 279 (207 to 385) | |
| G6: Information dissemination | 101 (84 to 138) | 235 (178 to 315) | 328 (244 to 411) | 0.2 (0.2 to 0.3) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0.7 (0.5 to 0.8) | 436 (343 to 632) | 337 (248 to 479) | 504 (349 to 722) | |
| P1: Nicotine replacement therapy | 714 (594 to 979) | 1505 (1139 to 2013) | 1724 (1171 to 2280) | 0.2 (0.2 to 0.3) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0.7 (0.5 to 0.8) | 3083 (2423 to 4520) | 2164 (1604 to 3024) | 2652 (1708 to 3962) | |
| G3+G5 | 80 (64 to 107) | 198 (158 to 256) | 283 (234 to 333) | 2.5 (2.0 to 2.9) | 7.2 (6.1 to 8.2) | 9.3 (7.4 to 11.1) | 32 (24 to 47) | 28 (34 to 61) | 31 (23 to 40) | |
| G3+G6 | 133 (105 to 176) | 323 (258 to 418) | 460 (380 to 540) | 2.5 (2.1 to 3.0) | 7.2 (6.2 to 8.3) | 9.3 (7.4 to 11.1) | 53 (40 to 75) | 45 (61 to 108) | 50 (38 to 65) | |
| G3+G4+G5 | 200 (159 to 266) | 473 (378 to 612) | 678 (560 to 795) | 2.6 (2.1 to 3.1) | 7.5 (6.4 to 8.7) | 9.5 (7.4 to 11.1) | 78 (59 to 111) | 63 (44 to 78) | 73 (56 to 96) | |
| G3+G4+G6 | 253 (202 to 336) | 599 (477 to 775) | 854 (706 to 1004) | 2.6 (2.1 to 3.1) | 7.6 (6.5 to 8.7) | 9.3 (7.5 to 11.1) | 97 (73 to 140) | 79 (21 to 37) | 92 (71 to 120) | |
| G3+G5+G6 | 181 (143 to 239) | 433 (346 to 562) | 611 (504 to 718) | 2.7 (2.2 to 3.2) | 7.5 (6.4 to 8.6) | 9.4 (7.4 to 11.1) | 68 (51 to 97) | 58 (49 to 85) | 66 (51 to 87) | |
| G3+G4+G5+G6 | 301 (240 to 403) | 708 (564 to 917) | 1006 (830 to 1181) | 2.7 (2.2 to 3.3) | 7.8 (6.7 to 9.0) | 9.5 (7.5 to 11.1) | 110 (83 to 157) | 90 (70 to 123) | 109 (83 to 142) | |
| G3+G4+G5+G6+P1 | 1015 (803 to 1355) | 2213 (1756 to 2867) | 2730 (2143 to 3312) | 2.9 (2.4 to 3.5) | 8.1 (6.9 to 9.03) | 9.7 (7.5 to 11.1) | 348 (261 to 497) | 274 (211 to 372) | 295 (218 to 394) | |
↵* All costs are reported in international $ in 2000, based on purchasing power parity rather than official exchange rate, to facilitate more meaningful comparisons across regions, in particular for goods and services that are not tradable.
↵†Latin America: low child and adult mortality. Regional gross domestic product per capita=$7833.
↵‡Very low child and adult mortality. Regional gross domestic product per capita=$23 927.
↵§ High child and adult mortality. Regional gross domestic product per capita=$1449.